BioMax
+1y
The fact that you are concerned about techinal things like that is good.
Ground placement should not create extra heat in that particular area. If the ground gets to hot to touch when you weld, you have a bad ground. Find a new spot for the ground and try it again.
Your concern of the rearend housing bending from the heat is a legitimate concern though. Anytime you lay down a weld, the material that you welded to shrinks. So if you weld too hot only on one side of a rearend housing, you will have some warpage. It is possible to destroy a rearend housing with poor welding techniques. Fortunately, minitrucks don't typically have enough things welded to the housing to be too concerned.
As for proper penetration on your welds...Welds of any temperature will create a stress riser, but the chances of you stressing the frame enough to be a concern is minimal.
Minitruck fabricators have it easy, as far as safety is concerned. The confines and intended use of the finished vehicle are rarely much to be concerned about. As many beginer fabricators that there are out there, you don't hear to often about a truck coming apart and killing someone or causing an accident.